What is cancer ?
Cancer can start any place in the body. It starts when cells
grow out of control and crowd out normal cells. This makes it hard for the body
to work the way it should.
Cancer can be treated very well for many people. In fact,
more people than ever before lead full lives after cancer treatment.
Here we will explain what cancer is and how it’s treated.
You’ll find a list of words about cancer and what they mean at the end of this
booklet.
How does cancer begins :
Your body is made up of 100 million million cells. Cancer
can start when just one of them begins to grow and multiply too much. The
result is a growth called a tumour. Benign tumours are localised growths - they
only cause problems if they put pressure on nearby tissues, such as the brain.
Much more serious are malignant tumours, which invade the surrounding body
tissues. Some malignant tumours also spread throughout the body via the
bloodstream.
How cancer spreads :
Cancer cells can spread from where they started to other
parts of the body, where they can grow into new tumours. This process is called
metastasis.
Cancer can spread in 3 ways:
* invasion (direct extension) – The tumour grows into
surrounding tissues or structures.
* through the bloodstream (hematogenous spread) – Cancer cells
break away from the tumour, enter the bloodstream and travel to a new location
in the body.
* through the lymphatic system – Cancer cells break away from
the tumour and travel through the lymph vessels and lymph nodes to other parts
of the body.
How is cancer treated?
There are many types of cancer treatment. The types of
treatment that you have will depend on the type of cancer you have and how
advanced it is. Some people with cancer will have only one treatment. But most
people have a combination of treatments, such as surgery with chemotherapy
and/or radiation therapy. You may also have immunotherapy, targeted therapy, or
hormone therapy.
Clinical trials might also be an option for you. Clinical
trials are research studies that involve people. Understanding what they are
and how they work can help you decide if taking part in a trial is a good
option for you.
When you need treatment for cancer, you have a lot to learn
and think about. It is normal to feel overwhelmed and confused. But, talking
with your doctor and learning all you can about all your treatment options,
including clinical trials, can help you make a decision you feel good about.
Our Questions to Ask Your Doctor About Treatment may help.
Individual types of cancer :
They are different types of cancers. Cancer may occur anywhere in
the body. In women, breast cancer is one of the most common. In men, it’s
prostate cancer. Lung cancer and colorectal cancer affect both men and women in
high numbers.
This list of common cancer types
includes cancers :
- Breast Cancer
- Bladder Cancer
- Kidney Cancer
- Colon and Rectal Cancer
- Endometrial Cancer
- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Leukemia
- LiverLung Cancer
- Melanoma
- Thyroid Cancer
- Pancreatic Cancer
- Prostate Cancer
- Thyroid Cancer
Who is the Best Doctors For Cancer Treatment :
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